| 08 |
Confined space entry (vessels, tanks, ducts) |
Asphyxiation, toxic gas, engulfment, entrapment |
5 | 3 |
15 |
Confined space PTW · 4-gas test pre-entry & continuous (O₂ 19.5-23.5%, LEL <10%, H₂S <10ppm, CO <25ppm) · attendant outside · tripod & retrieval winch · 2-way radio · rescue plan |
5 | 1 |
5 |
SCBA or SAR · full body harness · hard hat · radio · gas monitor |
CS Attendant · HSE Mgr |
| 09 |
Working at heights >1.8m (cold-box top, tank cladding) |
Fall from edge, falling tools, ladder slip |
5 | 3 |
15 |
Working at heights PTW · edge protection guardrails 1m · double lanyard 100% tied-off · tool tethers · ladder 4:1 angle · drop zones cordoned · weather check |
4 | 1 |
4 |
Full-body harness · double lanyard with shock absorber · helmet chinstrap |
Site Supv · Rescue Team |
| 10 |
Heat stress — outdoor Dammam summer (May-Sept) |
Heat exhaustion, heat stroke, dehydration, WBGT >32 °C |
4 | 4 |
16 |
WBGT monitoring hourly · ML-MOH summer ban 12:00-15:00 Jun-Sept enforced · cool zones with AC · electrolyte water 1L/hr · buddy system · acclimatization 7 days · stop work at WBGT 32 °C |
3 | 2 |
6 |
Cooling vest · wide-brim hard hat · breathable FR coverall · UV sunglasses |
HSE Officer · Foreman |
| 11 |
Noise exposure — grinders, generators, plant |
Hearing loss, communication failure (>85 dB(A)) |
3 | 4 |
12 |
Noise survey on entry · barriers around plant · job rotation · double hearing protection >95 dB · annual audiometry · hearing protection zones signed |
2 | 2 |
4 |
Ear plugs SNR 30 + ear muffs SNR 28 (>95dB zones) |
HSE · Industrial Hygienist |
| 12 |
Mineral wool / glass-fiber handling |
Skin irritation, respiratory irritation, eye irritation |
2 | 4 |
8 |
Dampen material before cutting · LEV at source · disposable coveralls · wash skin pre-break · changing room · no lunch in work clothes |
2 | 2 |
4 |
FFP3 mask · goggles · disposable Tyvek · nitrile gloves |
Insulator · HSE |
| 13 |
Chemical storage & spill (solvents, adhesives) |
Skin contact, vapor inhalation, environmental spill, fire |
3 | 3 |
9 |
SDS on display · COSHH register · bunded storage 110% volume · spill kit within 10m · grounded containers · no smoking signs · daily inventory |
2 | 2 |
4 |
Chemical gloves nitrile · splash goggles · apron · respirator if >TLV |
Store Keeper · HSE |
| 14 |
Slip / trip / fall on same level |
Fractures, sprains, head injury, cable trip |
2 | 4 |
8 |
Housekeeping daily · cables elevated 2m or covered · drip trays under tools · wet floor signs · adequate lighting >200 lux · designated walkways painted |
2 | 2 |
4 |
Slip-resistant safety boots S3 SRC |
Foreman · All Workers |
| 15 |
Vehicle / mobile plant interaction (crane, forklift) |
Struck-by, crush, overturn, pedestrian collision |
5 | 3 |
15 |
Banksman with hi-viz · vehicle exclusion zones · reversing alarms & cameras · speed limit 20 km/h · seg. ped/veh routes · licensed operators only · daily pre-use check |
5 | 1 |
5 |
Hi-viz Class 3 vest · helmet · safety boots |
Banksman · Operator |
| 16 |
Hot work — grinding / cutting near hydrocarbons |
Fire, explosion, ignition of vapor, burns |
5 | 3 |
15 |
Hot work PTW · gas test continuous (LEL <5%) · fire watch 30min after · 10m clearance · fire blankets · 2x 9kg DCP extinguishers · combustibles removed/covered |
5 | 1 |
5 |
FR coverall · welding helmet · leather gloves · face shield |
Hot Work Supv · Fire Watch |
| 17 |
Cold work — cryogenic line insulation (LNG / LIN) |
Cryogenic burn, frostbite, brittle fracture, O₂ enrichment |
4 | 3 |
12 |
Cryogenic gloves to elbow · cryo apron · O₂ monitor (19.5-23.5%) · no exposed skin · ventilated area · emergency shower & eyewash <10s · buddy system |
3 | 1 |
3 |
Cryo gloves · cryo apron · face shield · FR coverall · O₂ monitor |
Cryo Supv · HSE Mgr |
| 18 |
Lifting operations — overhead lifts of insulated sections |
Load drop, sling failure, struck-by load, swing collision |
5 | 2 |
10 |
Lifting plan signed · certified rigger & banksman · tagged slings within 12-month inspection · tag lines · exclusion zone radius +20% · wind <32 km/h · TBT pre-lift |
5 | 1 |
5 |
Helmet chinstrap · hi-viz · gloves · safety boots |
Lifting Supv · Rigger |